Education & Career Trends: September 7
Curated by the Knowledge Team of ICS Career GPS
- Article by Eva Keiffenheim, published on medium.com.
Leveraging ChatGPT for learning is the most meaningful skill this year for lifelong learners. But it’s too hard to find resources to master it. As a learning science nerd, I’ve explored hundreds of prompts over the past months. Most of the advice doesn’t go beyond text summaries and multiple-choice testing.
That’s why this article merges learning science with prompt writing to help you learn anything faster.
Level 1: Become Strategic About What to Learn
People intending to learn a new skill often need help understanding where to start and what to focus on. However, being strategic about the learning journey helps you learn any new skill faster.
When I wanted to learn DJing, I didn’t really know the sub-skills required to become a DJ. While I knew I needed to learn some skills, like beatmatching and music library organisation, others, like scratching and harmonic mixing, weren’t on my radar.
And that’s where skill trees come in — they clarify what to learn next for maximum learning efficiency. By offering a structured roadmap, skill trees help you gain a sense of direction, making it easier to assess what to focus on to acquire a particular skill.
ChatGPT prompts you can use:
Use ChatGPT to uncover the sub-skills required to acquire broader skills.
Role: You are a world-class [skill/topic] teacher with +20 years of experience.
Task: What are the sub-skills required to become masterful at [skill]?
Create a mind map on the skills required for [skill/topic].
List out the central ideas, main branches and sub-branches.
Level 2: Your Discovery Agent to Find Resources
Now that you know which sub-skills you want to focus on, it comes to finding trustworthy learning materials. Often it takes effort to find the right resources to achieve your learning goals.
Once you have initial clarity about the sub-skills required to master a specific skill, you can start focusing on getting better at one of the sub-skills required.
ChatGPT prompts you can use:
Use ChatGPT to uncover the sub-skills required to find excellent resources.
As always, when working with AI, maintain a healthy scepticism and verify everything ChatGPT tells you. Consider the AI as your personal assistant, not a professor, and remember that its knowledge is up to 2021. If what you’re learning changed within the last years (e.g., data science), you will need to fill in any gaps with information that has emerged since then.
Level 3: Immediate Feedback to Improve Faster
Practice doesn’t make perfect. Practice makes permanent. You can repeat a specific behaviour indefinitely without getting better at it. All you do is manifest the existing technique.
You’ll never improve if you practice soccer with the same ineffective dribbling technique. You need to know what you’re striving to improve and become aware of your shortcomings.
That’s why immediate feedback is one of the key components of deliberate practice, a strategy to improve performance.
ChatGPT prompts you can use:
If you were looking for feedback before the age of ChatGPT, you depended on coaches and trainers, language learning tools such as Lingvist or Memrise, or programming learning software such as Codecademy.
One way ChatGPT can give you immediate feedback is as a language partner. You can use it to practice conversations, learn new vocabulary, or even explore the nuances of idiomatic expressions.
Here’s an example of how to use ChatGPT as your personal feedback coach for language learning:
Role: You are [a person that inspires you] and a language teacher.
Context: I want to learn [language] through a written conversation and
get immediate feedback on how I can improve.
Task: Let’s have a conversation in [language] about [topic you want to learn].
For everything I write I want you to 1) correct my sentence structure
and word choice in bullets and 2) reply as [a person that inspires you] to
what I said. Here’s my first text:
[your first text in a foreign language]
Level 4: How You Can Make the Most From Your Notes
While many people use ChatGPT to summarise texts, they miss out on the bigger potential for learning. Summarising articles with tools like ChatGPT can help you reduce extraneous cognitive load and support basic recall, but it doesn’t help you learn.
One great way to make the most out of your notes is by using ChatGPT for the Cornell Method, an easy note-taking strategy applicable to lectures, online courses, meetings, and more.
As Dr. Philippa Hardmann writes, the method enables learners to turn recall into understanding and application by encouraging them to review, explore and interact with their notes (something called learning transfer).
In this method, you have your main notes, a smaller one on the side for cues and questions, and a summary section at the bottom.
ChatGPT prompts you can use:
Using the Cornell Notes method, the following prompt, as shared by Dr. Philippa Hardmann, helps you turn your notes into meaningful learning experiences.
You are a professor of [subject you’ve made notes on] who is an expert in the Cornell Note-taking method. First, you will review my notes on [subject] below and structure them using the Cornell Method. Then, you will deepen my understanding of the core concepts covered in my notes by:
1. Explaining the core concepts back to me in simple terms, using analogies to help me connect what I already know to what I am trying to learn.
2. Identifying and explaining any core concepts I have missed.
3. Providing real-world examples where each concept might be applied.
4. Comparing and contrasting all core concepts.
5. Explaining how all core concepts relate to [another concept] which I studied last week.
Finally, once you have done this, you will set me a series of questions which will test my recall, understanding and ability to apply the core concepts covered in my notes.
Wait until I give a response to one of your questions.
Once I have responded to a question, provide me with targeted, actionable feedback which highlights what I did well, what I did less well and how I might improve. Then, wait for me to respond to another of your questions.
Once I have responded to a question, provide me with targeted, actionable feedback which highlights what I did well, what I did less well and how I might improve. Repeat this until all questions are answered sufficiently.
Level 5: Optimise Flashcard Writing to Remember Things Forever
Contrary to common belief, our brains all learn very similarly. Learning styles don’t exist — while you might prefer auditory, visual, or kinesthetic learning, no evidence from controlled experiments suggests teaching in a person’s preferred learning style will help them learn.
To become an effective learner, understand your cognitive architecture, including sensory memory, working memory, and long-term memory.
You learn when you successfully transfer information from your working memory to your long-term memory. Without this transfer, you won’t remember much of what you “learned.”
Encoding knowledge into your long-term memory works best when you reproduce the same information from your mind over increasing time intervals.
In essence: spaced repetition memory systems make memory a choice.
ChatGPT prompts you can use:
To write better flashcards in Anki, you can use ChatGPT to suggest specific examples for a scenario.
Role:
You are a professor in [subject]. Your aim is to ensure that I have
a reliable understanding of the foundational concepts associated with the
topic: [your topic].
Context:
Without the ability to retrieve information, the learning process is futile.
You want to support me to recall and process accurate information. You want to
use the evidence-based strategy of using retrieval with spaced repetition to
increase the effective memorisation of knowledge.
Flashcards for practising retrieval over increasing time intervals
are particularly helpful when they are well-written. Here are some examples
for good and bad questions (q) and answers (a).
Task: Using the information from my notes below generate flashcards with Q:
and A: which helps me understand the core foundational knowledge related
to the concept of [your topic].
Follow-up Questions:
Can you provide examples of [mathematical concept] in real-life situations?
What’s a useful metaphor/visual to understand the concept of [topic]?
Identify the blind spots that I have not included in my note about [topic] and
suggest a resource I should look at to learn about the blind spot.
Final Thoughts
Your ChatGPT output depends on your input. Using powerful prompts can help you learn faster than ever before. Some of the most helpful use cases, for now, are using the tool to:
- Be strategic about what to learn
- Find the best resources for learning
- Get immediate feedback while you practice
- Make the most out of your notes
- Write better flashcards to remember anything forever
…
Have you checked out yesterday’s blog yet
Legal and Ethical Perspectives on Generative AI
(Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in the article mentioned above are those of the author(s). They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of ICS Career GPS or its staff.)
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